State Management in Angular : A Quick Guide

Angular applications require careful state management to guarantee maintainability, scalability, and consistency. Having effective state management keeps your app efficient and well-organized. This tutorial covers the fundamental techniques and resources for Angular state management. If you are looking to develop a web or a mobile application, visit our app development services for more information.

The Significance of State Management

State management is essential for the following reasons

1. Performance - Performance is enhanced by reducing unnecessary updates

2. Consistency - Establishing consistency throughout the application's

3. Maintainability - Allows code management and debugging easier

4. Scalability - Makes feature addition easier without requiring complicated reworking

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Angular State Management Strategies

1. Component State

Often, component-level state management is adequate for straightforward applications. Every element retains its current state on its own.

Example-

Create a component e.g - "counter-example"

counter-example.ts
@Component({
 selector: 'app-counter-example',
 template: `<div>{{ count }}</div><button (click)="increment()">Increment</button>`
})
export class CounterExampleComponent {
 _count = 0;
 increment() {
   this._count++;
 }
}

2. Service-oriented State Management

As your application grows, using services to manage the state becomes important and useful. Services keep and manage the state, acting as a single place where all the data is stored and handled.

Example-

Create a service "counter.service.ts"

counter.service.ts
@Injectable({
 providedIn: 'root'
})
export class CounterService {
 private _count = 0;
 increment() {
   this._count++;
 }
 getCount() {
   return this._count;
 }
}

3. NgRx

Redux-inspired, NgRx is a feature-rich state management library for Angular. It combines reducers, actions, and effects to accurately handle state transitions.

Let's jump into the process of implementing NgRx-

1. Installation:

ng add @ngrx/store
ng add @ngrx/effects

2. Create Action:

Create a component "counter.actions.ts"

ng g c counter-actions

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { createAction } from '@ngrx/store';
export const increment = createAction('[Counter] Increment');
export const reset = createAction('[Counter] Reset');

3. Create Reducer:

Create a file "counter.reducer.ts"

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { createReducer, on } from '@ngrx/store';
import { increment, reset } from '../counter-actions/counter-actions.component';
export const initialState = 0;
const _counterReducer = createReducer(
initialState,
on(increment, state => state + 1),
on(reset, state => 0)
);
export function counterReducer(state: any, action: any) {
return _counterReducer(state, action);
}

4. Set Up Store:

Modify "app.module.ts" to include the store and reducer


import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { StoreModule } from '@ngrx/store';
import { StoreDevtoolsModule } from '@ngrx/store-devtools';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { counterReducer } from './counter.reducer';
@NgModule({
 declarations: [
   AppComponent
 ],
 imports: [
   BrowserModule,
   StoreModule.forRoot({ count: counterReducer }),
   StoreDevtoolsModule.instrument({ maxAge: 25 })
 ],
 providers: [],
 bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

5. Create your component with the desired name:

Create "counter.component.ts"

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Store } from '@ngrx/store';
import { increment, reset } from './counter.actions';
@Component({
 selector: 'app-counter',
 templateUrl: './counter.component.html',
})
export class CounterComponent {
 count$ = this.store.select('count');
 constructor(private store: Store<{ count: number }>) {}
 increment() {
   this.store.dispatch(increment());
 }
 reset() {
   this.store.dispatch(reset());
 }
}

6. Create HTML file:

In your "counter.component.html" file

<div>
 <h1>Counter: {{ count$ | async }}</h1>
 <button (click)="increment()">Increment</button>
 <button (click)="reset()">Reset</button>
</div>

7. Use the Component:

Include <app-counter></app-counter> selector in app.component.html.

<app-counter></app-counter>

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In summary

Angular's state management techniques can vary depending on how sophisticated your application is. Services or component states could be sufficient for small apps. NgRx or NGXS offer strong solutions for larger applications. Try out these choices to see which one best fits your requirements. If you are looking for app development services, connect with blockchain developers to get started.